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In the same energy diary project, I also tested the tumble dryer, which is one of the most energy hungry appliances in the house, costing 30p an hour. A good dielectric allows a capacitor of a certain size to store more charge at the same voltage than a poorer one, so you could say it makes the capacitor more efficient as a charge-storing device. But they have a big drawback too: kilo for kilo, their basic design prevents them from storing anything like the same amount of electrical energy as batteries. Positive and negative electrical charges build up on the plates and the separation between them, which prevents them coming into contact, is what stores the energy. When the capacitor is charged, positive charges form on one plate and negative charges on the other, creating an electric field between them. The electric field between the plates polarizes the molecules (or atoms) of the dielectric, making them align in the opposite way to the field. This former cookie baker transformed her business from making 3D printed cookie cutters to making mask extenders ear savers. You can lower your monthly energy bill and contribute to a cleaner environment without making major changes or buying expensive energy-saving gadgets.
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